The Moon's path around the Sun: no loops, and the Sun pulls it twice as hard
Afterwards you can compare the Sun's and Earth's pull on the Moon, explain why its path around the Sun is convex and has no loops, and compute a Hill sphere.
Afterwards you can compare the Sun's and Earth's pull on the Moon, explain why its path around the Sun is convex and has no loops, and compute a Hill sphere.
Afterwards you can explain why drag speeds up an orbiting satellite, and estimate its orbital lifetime from the density of the upper atmosphere.
Afterwards you can compute a vapor-liquid equilibrium with activity coefficients, follow a pot still with the Rayleigh equation, and explain an azeotrope.
Afterwards you can explain why coupled metronomes lock in step or in opposition, measure it with the Kuramoto order parameter, and find the coupling threshold.
Afterwards you can write Newton's law in a rotating frame with Coriolis and centrifugal forces, and compute a throw's miss and an inertial loop's period.
Afterwards you can compute the orbital and escape speeds of a small body from its mass and radius, and its Hill sphere in a planet's tide.
Afterwards you can compute the Δv of a plane change, fold it into a Hohmann burn at apogee, and explain why GEO launch sites sit near the equator.
Afterwards you can explain a gravity assist as a turn of the velocity in the planet's frame, and compute the Sun-frame speed it adds and the planet's recoil.